pytest使用

[pytest.mark.xxx

")

@pytest.mark.parametrize

@pytest.mark.skipif

Setup and Teardown with Fixtures

@pytest.mark.usefixtures

1. 安装 pytest

pip install pytest

2. 编写代码和测试用例

假设我们有一个简单的 Python 文件 calculator.py，其中包含一些基本的算术操作函数：

现在，我们在另一个文件中编写这些函数的测试用例。创建一个名为 test_calculator.py 的文件：
# test_calculator.py

import pytest
from calculator import add, subtract, multiply, divide

# 使用 @pytest.fixture 定义一个夹具
@pytest.fixture
def sample_data():
    return [1, 2, 3]

# 使用 @pytest.mark.parametrize 参数化测试
@pytest.mark.parametrize("a, b, expected", [
    (3, 4, 7),
    (-1, 1, 0),
    (-1, -1, -2),
])
def test_add(a, b, expected):
    assert add(a, b) == expected

# 使用 @pytest.mark.skip 跳过测试
@pytest.mark.skip(reason="This feature is not implemented yet")
def test_feature_not_implemented():
    assert False

# 使用 @pytest.mark.skipif 有条件地跳过测试
@pytest.mark.skipif(pytest.__version__ < "6.0", reason="Requires pytest 6.0 or higher")
def test_pytest_version():
    assert True

# 使用 @pytest.mark.xfail 标记预期会失败的测试
@pytest.mark.xfail(reason="This test is expected to fail")
def test_expected_failure():
    assert False

# 使用 setup 和 teardown 夹具
@pytest.fixture
def resource_setup_teardown():
    resource = "resource"
    yield resource
    print("Teardown")

def test_resource(resource_setup_teardown):
    assert resource_setup_teardown == "resource"

# 使用 @pytest.mark.timeout 设置超时时间
@pytest.mark.timeout(1)
def test_timeout():
    import time
    time.sleep(0.5)  # Should pass
    # time.sleep(2)  # Uncomment this line to see timeout in action

# 使用 @pytest.mark.usefixtures 在类级别应用夹具
@pytest.mark.usefixtures("sample_data")
class TestClass:

    def test_method_1(self, sample_data):
        assert sum(sample_data) == 6

    def test_method_2(self, sample_data):
        assert len(sample_data) == 3

# 基本的测试方法
def test_subtract():
    assert subtract(10, 5) == 5
    assert subtract(-1, 1) == -2
    assert subtract(-1, -1) == 0

def test_multiply():
    assert multiply(3, 4) == 12
    assert multiply(-1, 1) == -1
    assert multiply(-1, -1) == 1

def test_divide():
    assert divide(10, 2) == 5
    assert divide(-1, 1) == -1
    assert divide(-1, -1) == 1
    with pytest.raises(ValueError):
        divide(10, 0)

3. 执行测试
pytest

4. 查看测试结果